Prospects of growing of potatoes with different maturation periods and methods of their protection from fungal diseases in the northern districts of Tyumen region
Keywords:
agrotechnical method, disease, biochemical composition, potatoes, rhizoctoniosis, variety, harvestAbstract
The northern region can provide itself with locally produced food, such as potatoes. This is evidenced by the successful potato growing in the north in the 1970-1980s.. Monitoring the current state of the issue in the specific administrative districts will help gathering information on the quality of seed material, economically valuable traits of cultivated varieties, and the technology of potato growing in the north. To assess the prospects of growing the registered varieties of potatoes in Surgut, we have used generally accepted methods of field and laboratory research. As a result of the inventory of varieties of seed potatoes, it has been found that out of 12 varieties used by gardeners, 7 were registered in the State Register (Zhukovsky ranniy, Impala, Rosara, Udacha, Gala, Otrada and Symphoniya) and only 2 of them (Zhukovsky ranniy and Rosara) are recommended for growing in the West Siberian region. All varieties are affected by rhizoctoniosis and silver scab, most are susceptible to early dry spot. The main agrotechnical methods for growing potatoes in Surgut are as follows: the use of early and middle-early potato varieties, following the planting date recommendations, the treatment of tubers from diseases and the optimization of planting depth. Positive results were obtained when the tuber was treated with the Fitosporin-M bacterial preparation. With an intensity of tuber lesions with rhizoctoniosis of 1-2 points, the biological effectiveness of the preparation is was 50 % (Rosara) and 100 % for the varieties Gala, Zhukovsky ranniy, Impala, Udacha, Symphoniya and Otrada. Different planting depth, which is25 or 6-8 cm, depending on the variety, affects the number of tubers in the nest, the average weight of the tuber, the mass of tubers from one plant (crop) change. The decrease in yield in the experimental version has been observed in the varieties Rosara, Impala and Otrada, the other varieties have been responsive to varying degrees to a change in the depth of planting to 6-8 cm. Among the zoned varieties, Zhukovsky ranniy possesses high biochemical indices.