Digital integration of economic systems of the full cycle of the agro-industrial complex while ensuring food security

Abstract

This article examines a fundamental contradiction in the digitalization of the agribusiness sector: the need for end-to-end government oversight to ensure food security and the desire of agricultural producers to maintain sovereignty over their data. The authors advocate for a shift away from centralized data collection models in favor of a decentralized digital ecosystem built on the principles of federated data management (Data Mesh). The key element of the architecture is the "agri-node" – an autonomous edge computing cluster that provides local processing, filtering, and validation of primary data and transmits only trusted derived aggregate metrics and events to the external environment. The three-tier processing topology ensures efficient distribution of computational loads, the use of differential privacy mechanisms for inter-farmer analysis, and the combination of operational management at the local level with strategic planning at the national level. The proposed platform creates the conditions for creating a complete digital product footprint – from field to store shelf - increases the effectiveness of support through targeting and evidence-based support, and lays the technological foundation for implementing a food security strategy.