DIGITAL PLATFORM IN THE CONTEXT OF A MULTIFACTOR MODEL FOR ECOLOGIZED INDUSTRIAL BEEKEEPING

Abstract

Abstract. The relevance and novelty of the research are determined by the need to transform beekeeping into a high-tech production through the introduction of digital technologies. The results of research by domestic and foreign scientists, as well as official regulatory and advisory documents, served as tools for searching and analyzing current ideas about the level of digitalization of the industry. Using the analytical and generalization methods, the concept of a multi-factor model of environmentally friendly industrial beekeeping was formulated, the key element of which is a unified digital platform. Biological, environmental, technological, and economic factors that make up the model’s structure are determined. A platform architecture is proposed, the key functional modules of which are an apiary monitoring module (IoT); an agroecological mapping module; a digital beekeeper’s journal; a bee health module; a blockchain module; a marketplace and logistics module; and an analytical module (Big Data & AI). The potential economic, environmental, and social effects of the platform implementation are identified and substantiated. The article substantiates the need for synergy among three components: accessible and adapted technologies (simplicity, offline operation), effective cooperation among beekeepers, and a comprehensive government policy in the form of financial and institutional support. The participation of scientific institutions is necessary for validating the platform's algorithms and developing forecasting models adapted to local conditions. The importance of training specialists in digital technologies at universities and through practical training centers is emphasized. Particular attention is paid to the problem of integrating small beekeeping farms, which form the basis of Russian beekeeping, into a single digital platform. The specific challenges of small businesses are analyzed. The main obstacles identified include the lack of accessible infrastructure, insufficient broadband, incomplete internet coverage, limited financial resources, and the low level of digital competence of beekeepers. Taking into account the resource constraints of small businesses, a phased integration path into the platform is proposed. The initial step includes a free basic account with access to a honey plant map and basic analytical advice.