Efficiency of biological preparations against a complex of winter wheat fungal diseases

Abstract

Traditional chemical methods of combating wheat pathogens have a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, alternative methods of plant protection are needed, for example, the use of environmentally friendly biopreparations based on microorganisms. The purpose of this research was to study the biological effectiveness of microorganism-based fungicides against a complex of fungal diseases on winter wheat. The studies were conducted in 2023-2024 in the experimental fields of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center оf Biological Plant Protection" (FSBSI FSCBPР), on winter wheat varieties Alekseich and GROM. The studies showed sufficient effectiveness of biological fungicides against a complex of foliar diseases on winter wheat. The effectiveness of the preparations against powdery mildew was from 45% for Orgamika F to 64% for Pseudobacterin-3 and Sistemika M. The most effective preparation against septoria leaf spot was Orgamika F (60%), the effectiveness of Pseudobacterin-3 and Orgamika С was 40 and 47%, respectively. The preparations showed sufficient effectiveness against the causative agent of yellow spot (Tan spopt): Orgamika F up to 74%, Pseudobacterin-3 up to 66%, Sistemika M up to 64%, Orgamika S up to 56%. Against brown rust, the best effectiveness was shown for Sistemika M - up to 56% and Orgamika F up to 49.7%. As a result of using the preparations, an increase in yield was noted for all variants: from 2.9% (for Orgamika С) to 9.3% (for Orgamika F). Thus, the preparations Pseudobacterin-3, Orgamika С, Sistemika M, Orgamika F are sufficiently effective against a complex of foliar diseases when applied 3 times on winter wheat crops