Digitalization of agriculture: prospects and threats

Abstract

The digital transformation of agriculture offers significant opportunities to enhance productivity, reduce costs, minimize environmental impact, and address the issue of workforce outflow from the industry. However, this process also presents substantial challenges, particularly in the areas of social equity and access to technology. This article examines current trends in the digitalization of agriculture in Russia, including the adoption of technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), drones, and industrial robots. The economic benefits of digitalization, supported by case studies from leading agricultural enterprises, are highlighted, while barriers to technology adoption—such as high costs, regional disparities, and a shortage of skilled labor—are analyzed. The article also explores the social implications of digitalization, including increased inequality and job displacement, and provides recommendations for fostering a more inclusive and sustainable digital transformation in the agricultural sector.