Biologized farming technology as a factor in the development of rural areas of the Krasnodar Territory

Abstract

The author analyzes the current stage of agricultural culture development. It was found that over the period from 1990 to 2022, the volume of mineral fertilizers applied to agricultural land in the Russian Federation decreased from 9.9 million tons to 3.4 million tons. The volume of mineral fertilizers applied over this period decreased by more than five times – from 389.5 million tons to 70.2 million tons, which indicates on reducing measures to increase soil fertility. Uncontrolled disposal of biological waste from agricultural and forestry industries endangers the environmental and sanitary-epidemiological safety of the territories where they are located. In this regard, it is a promising branch of biotechnology related to the composting of organic waste. As a result of processing, livestock and poultry waste is converted into vermicompost or compost. The author conducted experiments to analyze the growth of nutrient reserves using a biologized technology for growing grain crops, sugar beet, sunflower, corn, as well as the effectiveness of a biological method for processing straw and plant residues. In addition, a comparison of the economic effect of biologized and industrial technology of growing grain crops was made. Based on the results of the research, a technology for the use of biological products has been developed using the example of various agricultural crops, in addition, a biologized farming technology has been introduced for processing post-harvest residues.