Development of a multi-tiered hydroponic technology for the cultivation of tomato hybrids in different ripeness and lighting options

al-rukabi; Unknown; Unknown; Unknown; Unknown; Unknown

al-rukabi Российский Государственный Аграрный Университет https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9561-0861
Unknown ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ - МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9445-5636
Unknown ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ - МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева
Unknown ВНИИО – филиал ФГБНУ ФНЦО https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9550-097X
Unknown ВНИИО – филиал ФГБНУ ФНЦО
Unknown проекта, «Фитопирамида»

Keywords: Solanum lycopersicum L., Vertical farming, Fitopiramida, Marketable prod-ucts, Ripening period, Traditional cultivation, Greenhouse, LEDs, Artificial light.

Abstract

The aim of the study was to develop a multi-layer hydroponic technology in a polycarbonate greenhouse of tomato hybrids and the effect of different lighting in a phytotron on tomato plants. Eleven tomato hybrids were studied, differing in ripeness groups, by comparing their reactions in a hydroponic system (Fitopyramida) and a greenhouse system (soil). The effect of seven different spectral lighting modes on four hybrids under phytotron conditions (growth chamber) was also studied. Observations revealed a significant effect of hydroponic on maturation period. Elf F₁ accession was the earliest (77.00 days) compared to (101.67 days) soil greenhouse cultivation. Hydroponic vertical cultivation has shown excellent results in obtaining an early tomato harvest and an increase in yield per m² compared to a ground greenhouse. A higher marketable production was obtained with Ruddy ball F₁ (25.51 kg/m²) compared to (9.92 kg/m²) in the soil greenhouse. Dichromatic light had the greatest effect on photosynthesis, while monochromatic light had the greatest effect on height growth. An increase in leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) was obtained with (blue+red) light (620.06) compared to monochromatic green light (319.88). Monochromatic red (23.81 cm) had the greatest lighting effect on plant height compared to monochromatic blue (12.62 cm) the least. Generally, we can conclude that the productivity of tomato hybrids, of different ripening periods in a greenhouse with a hydroponic system (Fitopyramide), a conventional (soil) system & the effect of different lighting spectra on tomato hybrids of different ripening periods, , which can be applied as supplementary lighting in a greenhouse when natural lighting is not enough.